Especially for regularly sexually active adults, it is important to understand the risk factors that contribute to the spread and contraction of sexually transmitted infections (STI) and diseases (STD). In the United States, 1 in 5 people have an STI, often driven by factors like lifestyle, background, sexuality, and locality.
Lifestyle choices such as not wearing protection, using ineffective protective methods, having multiple partners, using dating apps, and even substance abuse can increase one’s chance of contracting an STI. Any choice made with a degree of uncertainty or unknown involved can increase the likelihood of a spread. Studies also show that elements of identity like ethnicity, income, age, and gender can make a difference as well. Heterosexual and homosexual couples are at risk for different types of diseases and different levels, and different types of sex also vary. For example, anal sex is 10x more likely to lead to the spread of HIV than vaginal sex where one lives can also increase risk, as larger cities and the southern region of the United States carry the highest risk compared to other areas.
Some of the best ways to reduce risk are to remain abstinent, get tested before each new sexual relationship, or use external and internal condoms. Vaccines and other post-exposure medications may be helpful as well for those looking to take control of their sexual health.